germination

Phenomenon by which, given favorable conditions, a seed will develop and grow into a plant.

root hairs

Root cell extensions that ensure the provision of water and mineral salts; they increase the surface area available for absorbing nutrients.

leaf

Usually thin and flat part of a vegetable that grows out of the stem and is specially adapted to capturing light and performing photosynthesis.

terminal bud

Bud that grows at the end of the stem, enabling it to grow longer.

cotyledon

First leaf, formed inside the seed; it provides vital food for the seedling, then withers and falls shortly after germination.

first leaves

secondary root

Offshoot growing out of the primary root.

primary root

Root that emerges as the radicle develops; many secondary offshoots rapidly grow out of it.

radicle

First root produced by the seed; it quickly breaks through the seed coat and grows downward into the soil.

seed

Structure formed by the development of a fertile ovule; it contains an embryo and nutrient reserves that enable a new plant to grow.