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cervical vertebraclick to hear

Bony part of the neck forming the upper terminal part of the vertebral column.
cervical vertebra communicating ramus epidural space cerebrospinal fluid dura mater spinous process spinal cord vertebral body spinal nerve transverse process ventral root dorsal root

communicating ramus click to hear

Branch of the spinal nerve connecting the ganglions of the sympathetic trunk to the spinal cord.

epidural space click to hear

Space filled with blood vessels and adipose tissue; separates the dura mater from the vertebra and has a protective function.

cerebrospinal fluid click to hear

Fluid contained between the arachnoid and the pia mater around the spinal cord and serving mainly as a shock absorber; it protects the entire central nervous system.

dura mater click to hear

Thick and resistant outer meninx fusing with the tissue covering the spinal nerves; it does not adhere directly to the bony vertebral wall.

spinous process click to hear

Posterior middle protuberance of the vertebra; the attachment point for the back muscles.

spinal cord click to hear

Part of the central nervous system located in the spinal column; it receives and transmits nerve information and initiates reflex actions.

vertebral body click to hear

Anterior bony cylinder of a vertebra surrounded by two transverse processes.

spinal nerve click to hear

Nerve formed by the union of the sensory and motor roots; it communicates nerve messages between the spinal cord and the various parts of the organism.

transverse process click to hear

Bony protuberance extending laterally from each side of the vertebra; the muscles are attached to it.

ventral root click to hear

Bundle of motor nerve fibers (axons) communicating information from the spinal cord to the periphery of the body, especially the muscles.

dorsal root click to hear

Bundle of sensitive nerve fibers that carry the spinal ganglions and communicate information from the body’s periphery to the spinal cord.